What does the lean concept of work in progress refer to?

The lean concept of work in progress refers specifically to items or tasks that are in the process of completion. This definition aligns with the lean philosophy, which emphasizes minimizing waste and streamlining processes. By focusing on work in progress, organizations can identify bottlenecks, manage flow, and optimize resource allocation more effectively.

In a lean environment, understanding the amount of work in progress is crucial as it directly impacts efficiency and overall throughput. The emphasis on in-progress items helps teams identify where improvements can be made to reduce cycle times and enhance productivity. This approach encourages continuous improvement, making it a cornerstone of lean practices.

The other options relate to different stages of production and project management but do not accurately capture the essence of work in progress. Completed products and those ready for shipment represent finished goods, while resources allocated to future projects emphasize planning rather than the active phase of production. Thus, the definition of work in progress as items or tasks that are being actively worked on is the most precise in this context.